Fecal Coliform: Why You May Need to Test for It

The presence of fecal coliform in a water body is an indicator of bacterial contamination from the feces of humans and other warm-blooded animals, including pets and wildlife. At low levels, fecal coliform poses no threat to healthy people who swim and play in the water; in fact, almost every lake is contaminated with at least at small amount of fecal coliform bacteria. At higher levels, however, fecal coliform can cause illnesses ranging from minor stomach upset and skin rash to more serious infections such as E coli and hepatitis. High fecal coliform levels can also correlate to high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, which act as fertilizers for algae and nuisance aquatic plants. Leaky septic tanks, large resident populations of ducks or geese, excessive sediment levels, and a variety of other factors can contribute to elevated levels of fecal coliform in a water body. You should have your water tested for fecal coliform if:

• Your lake or pond is used for swimming (test at established intervals)

• You have a known septic system leak

• The water has an unusual odor or color

The testing report will identify the level of fecal coliform found in the water sample and indicate whether the level is within state-established safe limits for recreational use. In the event that dangerous levels are identified, an action plan and follow-up testing should be determined.